14C-寡糖在西瓜幼苗植株体内吸收传导和分布

应用同位素示踪技术研究了14C-寡糖在西瓜幼苗植株体内的吸收、传导和分布行为.自显影结果显示,寡糖通过处理叶部或根部后能够被西瓜幼苗植株快速吸收,在叶片中的传导表现为从叶缘向叶片中心分布的趋势.将叶部处理8h和根部处理24h后,14C-寡糖即可以传导和分布到西瓜幼苗的整个植株体内,证明14C-寡糖在西瓜幼苗植株体内具有较强的扩散和向基或向顶传导特征.结果表明,处理叶部4～120h时,根系、茎与未被直接处理的叶片等其它部位的放射性比活度分别由0.18×105和23.08×105Bq/kg变化为0.32×105和3.02×105Bq/kg,总体上表现出向基传导和分布的态势.处理根部4～120h时,西瓜幼苗植株根系、茎部、子叶和真叶中放射性比活度分别由22.23×105,2.23×105,8.33×105和12.78×105Bq/kg变化为431.11×105,42.23×105,65.57×105和78.89×105Bq/kg,表现出14C-寡糖在西瓜幼苗植株体内向顶传导作用和在地上部的积累态势很强.     

A comparative study of several HPLC methods for determining free amino acid profiles in honey

A study of the viability of three derivatizing reagents for obtaining amino acid profiles in honey through high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is presented. A method using diode array detection based on a reaction with diethyl ethoxymethylene malonate (DEMM) and two other methods using fluorescence detection based on derivatization with fluorenylmethyl chloroformate (FMOC-Cl) and 6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate (AQC) have been developed. The three methods yield detection limits close to the ppb level, but vary in relation to other analytical characteristics. The use of methyl chloroformate derivatives allows the profile to be obtained with the greatest sensitivity within a short time frame. On applying such methods to honey samples of diverse botanical origin, we observe that the proline values obtained are always lower than those found using the official spectrophotometric method, thereby underlining the advisability of using HPLC methods to reduce uncertainty in these results.     

Determination of N-nitrosamines by HPTLC with Fluorescence Detection — Use of Non-Ionic Surfactants as Enhancing Agents

JPC – Journal of Planar Chromatography – Modern TLC - The dansyl derivatives of N-nitrosodimethylamine, N-nitrosodi-ethylamine, and N-nitrosodibuthylamine have been separated by HPTLC...     

硝普钠-铜(Ⅱ)体系的极谱法研究与应用

本文用单扫描极谱法研究了硝普钠(SNP)-铜(Ⅱ)体系的伏安行为。在pH3.0的克拉克-鲁布斯缓冲溶液中,SNP和SNP-Cu2 体系于-0.47 V(vs.SCE)处均有极谱还原峰,但SNP-Cu2 体系的灵敏度是SNP的100倍左右,其峰高与SNP浓度在2.0×10-7~4.0×10-5mol/L范围内呈线性关系,检出限为1.0×10-7mol/L。应用本法测定静脉注射到大白鼠中SNP的含量,结果满意。     

Local dynamic mechanical properties in model free-standing polymer thin films

High-frequency sinusoidal oscillations of a coarse-grained polymer model are used to calculate the local dynamic mechanical properties (DMPs) of free-standing polymer thin films. The storage modulus G(') and loss modulus G(") are examined as a function of position normal to the free surfaces. It is found that mechanically soft layers arise near the free surfaces of glassy thin films, and that their thickness becomes comparable to the entire film thickness as the temperature approaches the glass transition T(g). As a result, the overall stiffness of glassy thin films decreases with film thickness. It is also shown that two regions coexist in thin films just at the bulk T(g); a melt-like region (G(')G(")) in the middle of the film. Our findings on the existence of a heterogeneous distribution of DMPs in free-standing polymer thin films provide insights into recent experimental measurements of the mechanical properties of glassy polymer thin films.     

Validation of the thermodynamic model of inorganic arsenic in non polluted river waters of the Basque country (Spain)

The thermodynamic model of inorganic arsenic was validated by comparing the predicted As(III) concentration with the experimentally determined one in several river waters samples of the Basque Country (Spain) collected in two sampling campaigns: spring and autumn 2000. This model takes into account the acid-base equilibria of As(III) and As(V) together with the redox equilibria between the H₃AsO₃ and H₃AsO₄ species. A correct prediction of As(III) concentration requires the knowledge of the total concentration of arsenic, pH, redox potential (referred to hydrogen electrode), and ionic strength values of the solution. The estimation of the activity coefficients of the arsenic species was performed by means of the Modified Bromley’s Methodology (MBM).In order to perform the experimental As(III) determination, an analytical method was implemented by using an ion exchange separation of As(III)/As(V) on a continuous FIA-IE-HG-AAS system. The total arsenic concentration was determined together with total concentration of the main alkaline or alkaline-earth metals and anions in the natural waters. Temperature compensated measurements of the pH and redox potentials were made in-situ at the sampling sites.For both seasonal campaigns, the agreement between predicted and experimental As(III) is really high for those samples belonging to non polluted river waters.     

Molecular modeling study of the differential ligand–receptor interaction at the μ, δ and κ opioid receptors

3D models of the opioid receptors , and were constructed using BUNDLE, an in-house program to build de novo models of G-protein coupled receptors at the atomic level. Once the three opioid receptors were constructed and before any energy refinement, models were assessed for their compatibility with the results available from point-site mutations carried out on these receptors. In a subsequent step, three selective antagonists to each of three receptors (naltrindole, naltrexone and nor-binaltorphamine) were docked onto each of the three receptors and subsequently energy minimized. The nine resulting complexes were checked for their ability to explain known results of structure-activity studies. Once the models were validated, analysis of the distances between different residues of the receptors and the ligands were computed. This analysis permitted us to identify key residues tentatively involved in direct interaction with the ligand.     

Passivation of the calcite surface with malonate ion

Samples of polycrystalline calcite were impregnated with solutions of malonic acid of three concentrations (5 x 10(-2), 5 x 10(-3) , and 5 x 10(-4) M) and different pH values (6.00, 7.00, and 8.00). The impregnation was carried out at room temperature to evaluate the adsorption of malonate ion in the calcite surface to optimize the conditions for possible application on limestone and marble in cultural heritage materials. The affinity of the malonate ion was determined through the potentiometric measurement of the surface charge and the corresponding adsorbed amounts by titration, Raman spectroscopy, and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The results indicate effective adsorption of the malonate ion on the surface at a pH value close to the point of zero charge (pHpzc approximately 8.20) and changes in some surface morphological properties such as the pore shape and the pore size distribution. The presence of a malonate adsorptive layer on calcite generates an interface interaction potential that may influence the reaction and transport mechanisms within the medium.